Exploring the Impact of Socioeconomic Differences (Knowledge & Awareness, Income & Occupation) on Risk Factors & Management of CVDs: A Qualitative Study from CVD Patients
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Abstract
Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) as been indicated as the major cause of death worldwide. Socioeconomic differences, which include differences in income education, occupation & physical activity can affect healthcare practices, and health outcomes. The main aim of the study explained in this article is to find & explore the impact of socioeconomic differences on the risk factors and management of disease related to cardio from the perspectives of CVD patients.
Methods: A cross-sectional Qualitative study involving both male & female patients was carried out at DHQ Hospital Haripur, KPK, Pakistan from September 2024 to December 2024. Semi structured interviews were used to collect the data with the help of interview guide made and validated by the expert’s opinion and piloting the study. The thematic analysis procedure was conducted using NVivo 14 software.
Results: Study findings showed the significant gaps in health-related knowledge (77%) and self-management deficit (77%) hindered effective disease control. Financial challenges, barriers to healthcare access (80%), further limited participant’s ability to manage their health effectively. Additionally, barriers to physical activity (64.7%), limited guidance (58.82%), and occupational stress (70%) added layers of complexity to disease management. Moreover, positive outcomes were also observed in individuals who adhered to dietary plans (66%). Engaged in physical activity (41.7%) and maintained consistent treatment routines (43%).
Conclusion: Participants faced significant challenges in managing CVD due to gaps in health knowledge, self-management deficits, financial constraint, and barriers to healthcare access physical activity and occupational stress. There is a need to address these socioeconomic factors holistically to enable effective risk factor management and improve health outcomes for CVD patients.
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